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October 2021 is An important month for the crisis meeting. There is a big one, COP26, Policymakers came to Glasgow and spent two weeks studying how to achieve the goals set in the Paris Climate Agreement and maintain global heating Less than 1.5 degrees CelsiusBut earlier that month, there was a crisis meeting that was almost completely ignored—a meeting that would have a huge impact on the future of all living things on our planet.
The world is in a crisis of biodiversity.Birds, mammals and amphibians will at least become extinct 100 to 1,000 times faster Compared with the millions of years before humans began to dominate the earth. In the past 500 years alone, human activities have forced the extinction of 869 species, According to the data From the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). If things continue at the current rate, we will usher in the sixth mass extinction-the first since the infamous dinosaur extinction disaster 65 million years ago, which triggered an extinction The event eventually led to the extinction of 76% of species.
This time, no giant asteroid can be attributed to it. Humans have changed the earth, turning half of the habitable land into agriculture, and replacing wild animals with livestock.In the ocean, we are continuing the trend that our ancestors started on land tens of thousands of years ago-hunting large species until they collapse and leave Mainly smaller species behind. In other words, the state of biodiversity is very bad.
Almut Arneth, a biologist at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in Germany, said: “People are gradually realizing that there are two major crises that are happening and we should better deal with them.” October 11 Today, the representatives of the United Nations Conference on Biodiversity almost gathered together to do just that. They are trying to agree on a new set of global goals to prevent a sharp decline in global biodiversity-a plan similar to the Paris Agreement that aims to reset our relationship with nature. These goals will be debated and finalized at the second meeting scheduled to be held in Kunming, China in April 2022.
The last time the parties to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity came together to develop a global biodiversity agenda was in Japan in 2010, where they proposed Aichi Target, A set of 20 goals aimed at reducing a range of environmental hazards, including reducing habitat loss, overfishing and pollution in the following decade.But those goals Difficult to measure, And countries do not need to report their progress in any clear way. In September 2020, a UN report showed that none of the Aichi goals were fully achieved, only Six parts of it are realized.
The Kunming Conference aims to get the world biodiversity target back on track. “This is a decisive moment,” said Henrique Miguel Pereira, head of the Biodiversity Conservation Research Group of the German Comprehensive Biodiversity Research Center.So-called first draft Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework Released in July, it lists four main goals to be achieved by 2050 and 21 more specific goals to be evaluated in 2030. Although the Aichi goals are often a bit vague, these post-2020 goals add some digital highlights.
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